Animal category: Mammals

Small mammal owners' experiences of housing challenges and animal welfare: A COM-B and word frequency analysis

Carroll G, Taylor K, Stallard C, Wills A.

Published in 2025

Survey of British small mammal owners showing that the main obstacle to pet welfare is the lack of opportunity to provide  suitable housing, while owners generally show themselves both capable of and motivated in caring for their pets.  Changes in feeding behavior emerged as the most commonly-used practical indicator of health and welfare problems. Improved access to suitable housing and use of these indicators could open up avenues for improvement of welfare.

Document Types: Scientific paper

Animal categories: Mammals

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European Parliament: Written answer to Question E-002603/2025: Finland's derogation for mink fur farming and the ban on fur farming throughout the EU

Question: Maria Ohisalo (Greens/EFA). Answer: Ms Roswall on behalf of the European Commission

Published in 2025

Answer to a question on a request by Finland for a derogation to continue mink farming despite the addition of mink to the EU list of invasive species and the fact that most Member States have already banned the farming of fur. In its answer, the European Commission states that it will grant any such derogation according to its published criteria and that it intends to follow up on the Fur Free Europe Citizen's Initiative by March 2026. It will conduct an impact assessment before deciding on a possible EU-wide ban.

Document types: Regulation/Certification

Animal categories: Mammals

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European Parliament: Written answer to Question E-002013/2025: Mink farming and the protection of animal welfare

Question: Sigrid Friis (Renew), Maria Noichl (S&D), Petras Auštrevičius (Renew), Günther Sidl (S&D), Tilly Metz (Greens/EFA), Sirpa Pietikäinen (EPP), Maria Zacharia (NI), Anna Strolenberg (Greens/EFA). Answer: Mr Várhelyi on behalf of the European Commission

Published in 2025

Answer from the Commission to a question from MEPs on the compatibility of the cage farming of mink with Directive 98/58/EC and the need for Member States to increase their enforcement. The Commission replies that it is looking at the issue in the context of the "Fur Free Europe" European Citizens' Initiative, and will decide by March 2026 whether to propose a ban or introduce appropriate regulatory standards for fur farming, while ensuring proper enforcement by Member States.

Document types: Regulation/Certification

Animal categories: Mammals

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Biology, husbandry systems and farm practices for American mink, red and Arctic foxes, raccoon dog and chinchilla kept for fur production - EFSA

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Maria Díez-León, Sabine Dippel, Sandra Edwards, Angela Schwarzer, Denise Candiani, Michaela Hempen, Eliana Lima, Claudia Millán Caravaca, Neil J. Tirchett, Yves Van der Stede, Marika Vitali, Mette S. Herskin

Published in 2025

EFSA technical report updating its 2001 analysis of the welfare of animals bred for their fur (mink, fox, raccoon dog, chinchilla), incorporating recent data on these animals' biology and the production cycles and farming methods used.

Document Types: Technical review

Animal categories: Mammals

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Welfare of American mink, red and Arctic foxes, raccoon dog and chinchilla kept for fur production - EFSA

EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW)

Published in 2025

Recent scientific opinion from the EFSA, identifying the main welfare risks to animals bred for their fur (mink, foxes, raccoon dogs, chinchillas), which are mainly associated with lives spent in cages without enrichment, resulting in restricted movement, stress and behavioral disorders.

Document Types: Opinions

Animal categories: Mammals

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The neurobiological basis of emotions and their connection to facial expressions in non-human mammals: insights in nonverbal communication

Daniel Mota-Rojas, Alexandra L. Whittaker, Cécile Bienboire-Frosini, Jhon Buenhombre, Patricia Mora-Medina, Adriana Domínguez-Oliva, Julio Martínez-Burnes, Ismael Hernández-Avalos, Adriana Olmos-Hernández, Antonio Verduzco-Mendoza, Alejandro Casas-Alvarado, Karina Lezama-García, Temple Grandin

Published in 2025

Scientific synthesis exploring the emotional sensitivity of non-human mammals, manifested in particular by facial expressions associated with limbic system activity. The AnimalFACS tool, adapted from the human Facial Action Coding System, makes the scientific analysis of these facial movements possible for several animal species. This approach helps to improve the understanding and interpretation of animal emotions, facilitating more accurate non-verbal communication between humans and animals.

Document Types: Scientific review

Animal categories: Mammals

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European Parliament: Oral answer to Question O-000059/23: Promising review of EU animal welfare legislation and European citizens' initiatives on animal welfare (debate)

Question : Niels Fuglsang (S&D), Thomas Waitz (Greens/EFA), Günther Sidl (S&D), Sarah Wiener (Greens/EFA), Emil Radev (EPP), Michaela Šojdrová (EPP), Sirpa Pietikäinen (EPP), Heidi Hautala (Greens/EFA), Annika Bruna (ID), Caroline Roose (Greens/EFA), Pascal Durand (S&D), Pierre Larrouturou (S&D), Martin Buschmann (NI), Manuela Ripa (Greens/EFA), Martin Häusling (Greens/EFA), Maria Noichl (S&D), Anna Deparnay-Grunenberg (Greens/EFA), Grace O'Sullivan (Greens/EFA), Mario Furore (NI), Rosa D'Amato (Greens/EFA), Tiziana Beghin (NI), Petras Auštrevičius (Renew), Tilly Metz (Greens/EFA), Anja Hazekamp (The Left), Sylwia Spurek (Greens/EFA), Francisco Guerreiro (Greens/EFA), Martin Hojsík (Renew), Michal Wiezik (Renew), Malin Björk (The Left), Marisa Matias (The Left), Ville Niinistö (Greens/EFA), Marianne Vind (S&D), Christel Schaldemose (S&D), Karen Melchior (Renew), Alice Kuhnke (Greens/EFA), Pär Holmgren (Greens/EFA), Marina Kaljurand (S&D), Mick Wallace (The Left), Henna Virkkunen (EPP), Róża Thun und Hohenstein (Renew). Answer: Ms Ferreira on behalf of the European Commission

Published in 2024

On December 7, 2023, the European Commission brought forward only its proposed revision of the legislation on the protection of animals during transport, postponing the other long-awaited proposals to revise what is now outdated European animal welfare legislation. A group of MEPs has called on the European Commission to provide a precise timetable for the implementation of the legislative proposals that are still pending (farming, slaughter, labeling).

Document types: Regulation/Certification

Animal categories:Cattle, Mammals, Sheep, Pigs, Poultry

Keywords:Abandonment, Adoption,  Livestock buildings, Animal trade, Identification, Housing, Restraint equipment, Farming system, Transport, Societal issues

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Towards understanding the welfare of cetaceans in accredited zoos and aquariums

Lisa K. Lauderdale, Jill D. Mellen, Michael T. Walsh, Douglas A. Granger, Lance J. Miller

Published in 2021

Scientific review presenting the results of the Cetacean Welfare Study's research "Towards Understanding Cetacean Welfare in Zoos and Aquariums". The results include the definition of reference ranges and species-specific values for blood variables and fecal hormone metabolites to assess welfare, information that is available free of charge via an iOS app.

Document Types: Scientific review

Animal categories: Mammals

Keywords:Adaptation of the animal to the environment, Enrichment, Human-animal relationships, Learning, Societal issues, Welfare indicators

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Impact of Estrogens Present in Environment on Health and Welfare of Animals

Konrad Wojnarowski, Paweł Podobiński, Paulina Cholewińska, Jakub Smoliński, Karolina Dorobisz

Published in 2021

Scientific review of the harmful effects of oestrogens on animal health and welfare (feminisation, reproductive disorders, physiological disturbances, disruption of programmed cell death, development of tumours). It concludes that there is a lack of scientific data on animals as compared to humans.

Document Types: Scientific review

Animal categories: Mammals

Keywords:Environment, Breeding and Rearing

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Activity Budget Comparisons Using Long-Term Observations of a Group of Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) under Human Care: Implications for Animal Welfare

Tim Huettner, Sandra Dollhaeupl, Katrin Baumgartner, Lorenzo von Fersen

Published in 2021

Scientific paper reporting long-term observations of the behaviour of a group of dolphins in a dolphinarium. It highlights that noise leads to decreases in play behaviour and training performance, and increased time spent swimming rapidly, and that significant changes to time allocation in activity budgets can affect the animals' welfare.

Document Types: Scientific paper

Animal categories: Mammals

Keywords:Adaptation of the animal to the environment, Consciousness, Human-animal relationships, Stress, Welfare indicators

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