Review: Assessment of dairy cow welfare at pasture: measures available, gaps to address, and pathways to development of ad-hoc protocols
Published in 2022
Scientific review of the benefits and risks of grazing for dairy cows, measures that can be used to assess the welfare of cows on pasture, and the knowledge gaps that need to be filled to develop specific welfare indicators.
Document Types: Scientific review
Animal categories: Bovines
Keywords:Animal-based measurements, Enrichment, Welfare indicators, Living environment, Robustness, Stress