Document type: scientific review published in Small Ruminant Research
Authors: I, Toschi P, Miretti S, de la Lama GC
Preview: The behavior of sheep, like that of other animals, is the result of a complex interaction between causal mechanisms, their specific function, their development throughout life, and their phylogenetic prevalence in the species. Within the domain of animal welfare, behavior is of paramount importance, as it provides key insights into how individuals cope with environmental challenges and the way these challenges impact their mental states, biological functioning, and species-typical behavioral repertoires. The aim of this review is to critically and narratively examine key aspects of sheep behavior to enhance the understanding of their biological needs and support improvements in the welfare of sheep raised under different production systems. The review emphasizes the fundamental role of sensory systems in animal behavior and welfare, along with the motivational systems underlying individual, social, and maternal behaviors. It also examines abnormal behaviors in sheep and their implications for human-animal interactions within the production context. The integration of sheep behavior knowledge with contemporary flock management is strategic to enhance both welfare and productive efficiency. Future research should focus on improving behavioral assessments, improved handling techniques, and the possible implementation of precision farming to monitor sheep behavior.
