Animal category: Insects

Noxious stimulation induces self-protective behaviour in bumblebees

Matilda Gibbons, Elisa Pasquini, Amelia Kowalewska, Eva Read, Sam Gibson, Andrew Crump, Cwyn Solvi, Elisabetta Versace, Lars Chittka

Published in 2024

Scientific article on behavioral responses in bumblebees to noxious stimulation (application of heat), reporting that bumblebees directed their grooming more frequently towards a noxiously stimulated site, thus demonstrating that they feel pain.

Document Types: Scientific paper

Animal categories:Insects

Keywords:Pain

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Do Insects Feel Joy and Pain?

Lars Chittka

Published in 2023

Article summarizing the current state of knowledge on cognition, emotions and pain perception in insects, and the ethical consequences of such knowledge for our relationship with insects, particularly in their breeding and use for scientific purposes.

Document Types: Scientific review

Animal categories:Insects

Keywords:Animal-based measurement, Pain, Experimentation, Memory, Human-animal relationships

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Chapter Three - Can insects feel pain? A review of the neural and behavioural evidence

Matilda Gibbons, Andrew Crump, Meghan Barrett, Sajedeh Sarlak, Jonathan Birch, Lars Chittka

Published in 2023

Systematic literature review using 8 previously validated animal sentience criteria to assess whether 6 insect orders are capable of feeling pain. Adult Diptera and Blattodea meet 6 of the 8 criteria, constituting "strong evidence for pain", while the adults and some juveniles from the other orders tested meet 3-4 criteria, constituting "substantial evidence for pain".

Document Types: Scientific review

Animal categories:Insects

Keywords:Animal-based measurements, Brain integration, Pain, Welfare indicators, Stress

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Is it time for insect researchers to consider their subjects' welfare?

Andrew Crump, Matilda Gibbons, Meghan Barrett, Jonathan Birch, Lars Chittka

Published in 2023

Scientific article defining pain, differentiating it from nociception, and recalling work that has led to the conclusion that most of the 6 largest insect orders are very likely capable of feeling pain. It concludes that this fact should be taken into account by entomologists, and suggests extending the 3Rs rule (replace, reduce, refine) to insect research.

Document Types: Scientific paper

Animal categories:Insects

Keywords:Animal-based measurements, Brain integration, Pain, Welfare indicators, Stress

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Challenges In Understanding Farmed Insect Welfare

Meghan Barrett, Bob Fischer

Published in 2023

Challenges identified in this article include the rapid growth of the insect farming industry and associated innovations, the use of welfare tools originally developed for vertebrates, variations between populations and individuals, welfare needs during insect development, and animal welfare trade-offs in the decision to use insect as opposed to fish proteins.

Document Types: Scientific paper

Animal categories:Insects

Keywords: Societal issues, Welfare indicators, Human-animal relationships

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Welfare considerations for farming black soldier flies, Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae): a model for the insects as food and feed industry

M. Barrett, S.Y. Chia , B. Fischer, J.K. Tomberlin

Published in 2023

Scientific review of factors that may influence the welfare of black soldier flies in commercial farming. It identifies the major issues and the farming conditions that cause them, suggesting areas for research to improve our understanding of the welfare of black soldier flies and, more generally, of farmed insects.

Document Types: Scientific review

Animal categories:Insects

Keywords: Livestock systems, Stress,Welfare indicators

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What is really social about social insect cognition?

Laure-Anne Poissonnier, Catherine Tait, Mathieu Lihoreau

Published in 2023

Scientific review on insect cognition, focusing on the hypothesis that there is such a thing as a "social brain", i.e. cognitive capacities specific to social species. Most of the research on cognition in insects is done on highly social species, so it is not possible to make comparisons with less social species. It would therefore be necessary to develop specific research programs to address this issue.

Document Types: Scientific review

Animal categories:Insects

Keywords:Cognitive process, Evolutionary process

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When Do We Start Caring About Insect Welfare?

Tina Klobučar, David N. Fisher 

Published in 2023

Article addressing welfare issues for insects in light of increases in insect farming and consumption, their potential as an alternative source of protein for human and animal food, and their cognitive and sensory abilities suggested by the scientific data.

Document Types: Scientific paper

Animal categories:Insects

Keywords: Pain, Societal issues

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Motivational trade-offs and modulation of nociception in bumblebees

Matilda Gibbons, Elisabetta Versace, Andrew Crump, Bartosz Baran, Lars Chittka

Published in 2022

Paper demonstrating the existence of motivational trade-offs in the nociceptive responses of bumblebees, which are able to use contextual information to modulate their nociceptive behaviours. It also suggests that insects have the capacity to feel pain

Document Types: Scientific paper

Animal categories:Insects

Keywords:Pain, Memory, Cognitive processes

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Why do animals want what they like?

Jair E. Garcia, Adrian G. Dyer

Published in 2022

Commentary on an article demonstrating the conservation of dopamine-related neural circuits and mechanisms involving desire and reward  in animals, from bees to humans.

Document Types: Opinions

Animal categories:Insects

Keywords:Brain integration, Cognitive processes, Evolutionary processes

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