Subject: Emotion

If you blink at me, I'll blink back. Domestic dogs' feedback to conspecific visual cues

Chiara Canori, Tiziano Travain, Giulia Pedretti, Rachele Fontani, Paola Valsecchi

Published in 2025

Study suggesting that dogs may mimic the eye blinks of other dogs, indicating a potential role in communication. The results also show that these signals do not induce stress, paving the way for further research into their social impact.

Document Types: Scientific paper

Animal categories:Canine

Keywords:Socialization, Stress

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Face readers

Christa Lesté-Lasserre

Published in 2025

Article reviewing the multiple potential benefits of AI for the analysis of animals' facial expressions and detection of signs of pain or complex emotions, in which it sometimes performs better than human experts. Researchers are developing algorithms capable of interpreting the emotional states of dogs, cats, horses and primates using deep learning and annotated image databases. However, scientists remain wary of the lack of transparency in the decisions made by AI, and are seeking to combine facial analysis with other indicators to refine the assessment of animal welfare.

Document Types: Scientific review

Animal categories:Canine, Equine, Feline

Keywords:Animal-based measurements, Pain, Identification, Wellfare indicators

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Evaluating animal consciousness: An emerging field shows how animal feelings can be studied scientifically

Kristin Andrews, Jonathan Birch, Jeff Sebo

Published in 2025

Article summarizing recent scientific findings on animal consciousness. Although studies on bees, cuttlefish and fish point to signs of consciousness, the latter's acceptance as evidence would have major implications for neuroscience and animal welfare. Meanwhile, the lack of a unified theory or precise definition of animal consciousness complicates its  assessment.

Document Types: Scientific review

Animal categories: All animals

Keywords:Consciousness, Pain, Cognitive processes

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Application of the horse grimace scale in horses with dental disease: Preliminary findings

Amelia E. Sidwell, Marco Duz, Bradley Hill, Sarah Freeman, Sam L. Hole

Published in 2025

Scientific article investigating whether use of a pain scale based on facial expression is an objective and reliable method of assessing dental pain in horses. It concludes that tools designed to identify acute pain lack reliability if used to assess chronic pain, such as dental pain. A more dental-specific ethogram is needed to accurately identify dental pain in horses.

Document Types: Scientific paper

Animal categories: Equines

Keywords:Animal-based measurements, Pain, Behavioural disorders

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EFSA Opinion - Welfare of horses during killing for purposes other than slaughter

EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare

Published in 2025

New EFSA Opinion on the welfare of horses during killing for purposes other than human consumption, whether indivudally or on a large scale. The Opinion details three phases: pre-stunning, stunning and bleeding. It identifies potential hazards and describes stunning and killing methods (captive bolt, firearm, lethal injection). Potential risks, preventive measures and animal welfare measurement criteria are described, along with practices deemed unacceptable on welfare.

Document Types: Opinions

Animal categories: Equines

Keywords:Animal-based measurements, Anxiety, Consciousness, Pain, Brain integration, Fear, Stress

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EFSA Opinion - Welfare of horses at slaughter

EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare

Published in 2025

New EFSA opinion on the welfare of horses at slaughter for human consumption. The opinion details three phases: pre-stunning, stunning and bleeding. It identifies potential hazards and describes stunning and killing methods (captive bolt, firearm, lethal injection), and proposes measures to assess animal welfare consequences. Practices deemed unacceptable on welfare grounds are also listed.

Document Types: Opinions

Animal categories: Equines

Keywords:Animal-based measurements, Anxiety, Consciousness, Pain, Brain integration, Fear, Stress

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Smart farming and Artificial Intelligence (AI): How can we ensure that animal welfare is a priority?

Marian Stamp Dawkins

Published in 2025

Summary exploring the potential benefits and risks of using livestock technology to improve animal welfare. Its success will depends on public and industry confidence, scientific proof of its effectiveness, and on demonstrable economic and environmental benefits.

Document Types: Scientific review

Animal categories: All animals

Keywords:Animal-based measurements, Precision farmingIdentification, Welfare indicators

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Horses are worthy of care: Horse sector participants' attitudes towards animal sentience, welfare, and well-being

Julie M Fiedler, Margaret L Ayre, Sarah Rosanowski, Josh D Slater

Published in 2025

Analysis of surveys carried out among professionals in the equestrian sector, revealing widespread recognition of equine sentience (99.9% of respondents). Two Subjects emerge: sentience is a pathway to understanding the mental state, welfare and well-being of horses, and humans have a moral obligation to consider it.

Document Types: Scientific paper

Animal categories: Equines

Keywords: Animal mediation, Consciousness, Educations, Human-animal relationships, Welfare indicators,Working animals

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Assessing the impact of a human behaviour change intervention to reduce owner-related barriers to interactive cat play

Mikel Delgado, Ellen Marcinkiewicz, Paul Rhodes, Sarah LH Ellis

Published in 2025

Surveys conducted before and after a digital educational campaign to encourage cat owners to play more often with their pets with a wand toy by removing or reducing several of the barriers identified in the COM-B model (capability, opportunity and motivation). Following the campaign, 35.3% of participants increased the frequency of play, and capability and motivational barriers were reduced, leading to a reduction in behavioral problems in their cats.

Document Types: Scientific paper

Animal categories: Felines

Keywords:Education, Enrichment, Human-animal relationships

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A consensus on the definition of positive animal welfare

Rault Jean-Loup, Bateson Melissa, Boissy Alain, Forkman Björn, Grinde Bjørn, Gygax Lorenz, Harfeld Jes Lynning, Hintze Sara, Keeling Linda J., Kostal Lubor, Lawrence Alistair B., Mendl Michael T., Miele Mara, Newberry Ruth C., Sandøe Peter, Špinka Marek, Taylor Alex H., Webb Laura E., Whalin Laura and Jensen Margit Bak

Published in 2025

Consensus sur la définition du bien-être animal positif

Document Types: Scientific review

Animal categories: All animals

Keywords:Adaptation of the environment to the animal, Consciousness, Enrichment, Welfare indicators, Memory, Prenatal issues, Cognitive processes, Evolutionary processes

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