Centennial Review: A revisiting of hen welfare and egg safety consequences of mandatory outdoor access for organic egg production
Published in 2021
A scientific review comparing the welfare of laying hens and the sanitary quality of their eggs in free-range and indoor systems. It concludes that diseases are more frequent and severe and that there is a greater risk of Salmonella infections and the contamination of eggs by toxic industrial by-products in hens with access to the outdoors.
Document Types: Scientific review
Animal categories: Poultry
Keywords:Societal issues, Risk management, Housing, Living environment, Breeding and rearing systems, Pathogen transfer